Benchmarking Capillary Transport Characteristics of Micro-porous Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

  • Dr Emin Kumbur, Fuel Cell Dynamics and Diagnostics Lab, Pennsylvania State University, United States
  • Prof Kendra Sharp, Microscale Flow Lab, Pennsylvania State University, United States
  • Prof Matthew Mench, Fuel Cell Dynamics and Diagnostics Lab, Pennsylvania State University, United States
  • The objective of this study is to experimentally determine the capillary transport characteristics of the micro-porous layer (MPL) tailored with mixed wettability. Direct measurement of capillary pressure-saturation curve of a specially produced MPL was performed to characterize the water transport mechanism inside the minute pores of MPL. Along with the capillary pressure-saturation measurements, additional tests were performed to determine the degree of wettability in the micro-structure of the MPL. Using the generated benchmark data, the multi-pore network characteristics (i.e. hydrophilic, hydrophobic and partially hydrophilic/hydrophobic pores) of the tested MPL sample was determined, and the effects of pore wettability on the capillary-induced transport were delineated. In addition, spontaneous imbibition tests were performed to determine the specific water retention characteristic (water storage capacity) of the tested MPL sample. Results show that the MPL has a unique drainage capillary pressure-saturation curve, having a higher capillary pressure at a given saturation compared to a bare macro gas diffusion layer (coated with no MPL). Connected hydrophilic porosity in MPL is found to be considerably low, indicating the highly hydrophobic nature of the pore network and small water storage capacity. Existence of considerably small and hydrophobic pores in MPL yields a high resistance to the capillary-induced liquid flow at the catalyst interface, therefore indicating the dominance of the vapor-phase transport within the pores of MPL, and also supporting the hypothesis of the back diffusion of water from cathode to anode in the existence of cathode MPL.