Hydrogen production by integration of silica membrane with anaerobic digestion of solid waste

  • Mikel Duke, Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, Australia
  • Dr Ram Mereddy, BioMass BioEnergy Group, Division of Environmental Engineering, The University of Queensland, Australia
  • Mr Martin Randall, BioMass BioEnergy Group, Division of Environmental Engineering, The University of Queensland, Australia
  • Mr Hang Zheng, BioMass BioEnergy Group, Division of Environmental Engineering, The University of Queensland, Australia
  • Dr Raymond Zeng, Advanced Water Management Center (AWMC), The University of Queensland, Australia
  • A/Prof William Clarke, BioMass BioEnergy Group, Division of Environmental Engineering, The University of Queensland, Australia
  • A hydrogen economy shows promise for decarbonising our energy systems, but most importantly, hydrogen can be generated from a range of sources. Solid waste is abundant in all communities and a source of hydrogen. Here we show the setup of a membrane system which removes hydrogen from reaction intermediates during the anaerobic breakdown of solid waste. Hydrostable silica membranes were first shown to diffuse soluble hydrogen from gas sparging. With 3% hydrogen sparged, permeate hydrogen concentration reached 0.15% after 50 hours. The membrane appeared to offer little resistance to hydrogen diffusion in comparison to diffusion in water. This result showed only small amounts of hydrogen in the permeate, but was exciting in the sense that the silica membrane removed hydrogen from solution. The initial membrane fermentation tests showed hydrogen being produced on the permeate side of the membrane, with concentrations reaching 0.4% in 24 hours. At this time, no hydrogen was detected in the feed headspace, being a positive indicator that the hydrogen produced during anaerobic digestion preferentially diffuses through the membrane. Compared to the simple sparging experiments, higher concentrations of hydrogen in the permeate from the reactor indicated a biofilm in close proximity to the membrane surface. The presence of a biofilm was confirmed in a 2nd run whereby the feed above the membrane was replaced with pure water. This initial work has proven the concept of a hydrogen sink coupled with anaerobic digestion for use in new age energy systems.