Combined observation of current distribution and two-phase flow in a direct methanol fuel cell
A measurement of current distribution was carried out in a direct methanol fuel cell to observe the current distribution throughout the whole area of electrode. The current was measured at each point of 49 segments on the membrane-electrode assembly with active area of 25 cm2. The current distribution profiles were examined under various operation conditions of cell temperature, flow rate of the reactants, and the methanol concentration at different average current density and channel configuration of the flow field. Two-phase flow including CO2 bubbling at the anode and water drop at the cathode was also observed at each condition to understand the relationship between two-phase flow behavior and current distribution. The current distribution was more even at the serpentine type of channel than at the parallel type. The deviations from an even current density distribution were observed when air flow rate at the cathode was reduced. However, it was not affected by decrease in flow rate at the anode. The CO2 bubbling at the anode became more vigorous with increase of current density. Channel clogging due to water droplet and froth formation along the cathode flow field became severe when the air flow rate was low and when it was operated at near room temperature, which may have influence on inhomogeneity of the current distribution.