Mathematical Modelling of a Metal Hydride Thermal Sorption Compressor
Metal hydride thermal sorption systems (MH TSC) is an alternative method to compress hydrogen. The advantage with such systems is that they can be almost 100% thermally driven. The heat required to run MH TSC processes can be low-temperature waste heat at ca. 100°C; at these temperatures it is technically feasible to compress hydrogen from a few bars to 100-150 bars. Higher hydrogen pressures can be reached if higher inlet temperatures are available. In any case, a considerable saving in electrical energy can be achieved if the first compression stage is performed by a MH TSC system. The main objective with the work presented in this paper is to describe a new and innovative hydrogen compression system concept for small-scale hydrogen stations. A pre-study on this topic was recently initiated, as part of the HyNor-project in Norway. One of the goals here is find out if a MH TSC system can provide sufficient amounts of high pressure hydrogen for daily filling of four hydrogen vehicles. As a part of this work, a mathematical model of an MH-compressor has been developed. The model is zero-dimensional and assumes uniform pressure and temperatures within the metal hydride bed. The effect on cycle time and energy efficiency by perturbation of the modelling parameters was investigated. Two different heat-exchanger solutions were modelled and compared (flat-plate, and pin-type heat-exchangers) with respect of cycle time and thermal efficiency.